Lesson 6: Adjectives
| ἀγαθος - good | καινος - new |
| ἀγαπητος - beloved | κακος - bad |
| ἀλλον - another (of the same kind) | καλος - beautiful |
| βασιλικος - royal | μικρος - small |
| δικαιος - righteous | μονος - only, alone |
| ἐσχατος - last | νεκρος - dead |
| ἑτερος - another (of a different kind) | πιστος - faithful |
| πρωτος - first | πονηρος - evil |
ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the vocabulary list above.
Like nouns, adjectives have gender, number, and case. An adjective is a word that modifies a noun- i.e., "a new house". the adjective is "new" and the noun is "house".
When an adjective is used in Greek it will agree (match) the noun in gender, case, and number. For example:
ἀνθρωπων ἀγαθων = good men
Thus, there is nothing new to memorize here, since the student has already memorized the 1st and 2nd declension nouns. What one MUST remember is that an adjective WILL agree with the noun it modifies in gender (masculine or feminine), case (nominative, genitive, etc), and number (singular or plural).
Of particular importance in translating Greek is whether or not the definite article is used IMMEDIATELY before the adjective. Note the following sentences very carefully, paying particular attention to the placement of the article and the translation given:
ὁ λογος ὁ ἀγαθος = the good word
ἀγαθος ὁ λογος = the word IS good
(Note: all of these rules are subject to fine tuning as we learn more of this tremendous language).
ASSIGNMENT: Translate the following sentences as accurately as possible:
1. ὁ ἀγαπητος μαθητης ἀκουει τους ἀγαθους λογους
2. ὁ βασιλικος νομος διδασκει την δοχαν ἀγαπης
3. ὁ ἀποσtολος γινωσκει τους δικαιους και τας δικαιας
4. ὁ δικαιος ἀνθρωπος γραφει παραβολην